LASIK

LASIK (laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis) corrects refractive errors: short-sightedness (myopia), long-sightedness (hyperopia) and astigmatism (blurred vision caused by an unevenly curved eye surface). A thin flap is made on the cornea, the clear front surface of the eye, and a laser reshapes the tissue underneath so that light focuses correctly on the retina. The flap is then put back in place, where it heals naturally.

Adults, usually 18 or older, whose glasses or contact lens power has been stable for at least a year and whose corneas are healthy and thick enough. A detailed pre-LASIK check-up — including scans of corneal thickness and shape — decides whether LASIK is suitable, or whether another option such as PRK or a phakic IOL would be safer.

A detailed pre-LASIK evaluation checks whether the procedure is right for you, including a full refraction, corneal topography and tomography (mapping the shape of the cornea), corneal thickness measurement, assessment of the ocular surface and tear film, a pupil and retinal check, and a review of your medical history. You will be asked to stop wearing contact lenses for some days beforehand. On the day, the eye is numbed with drops and a small clip keeps the eyelids open; a thin corneal flap is made and an excimer laser reshapes the tissue underneath, then the flap is repositioned. The laser itself works for less than a minute per eye, and the whole procedure for both eyes — done under topical anaesthesia with no overnight stay — usually takes around 15–20 minutes. You go home the same day with someone to accompany you.

Mild watering, grittiness or sensitivity to light on the first day is common. Most people notice clearer vision within a day or two, and vision continues to settle over the following weeks. Use the prescribed drops, do not rub your eyes, and avoid swimming, eye make-up and dusty places for as long as your doctor advises. Follow-up visits check that the eye is healing well.